Community Support for Low-Income Elementary School Students with a Winter Gear Drive under COVID 19 Constraints

Washington County has one of Maine’s highest rates of child poverty. Winter is especially difficult with below-freezing temperatures, higher fuel costs, and many seasonal tourism-related businesses closed. Typically local schools have collections of hats and gloves that children can share. With the 2020-2021 COVID-19 restrictions, children could not reuse winter gear from a shared box and, if they did not have their own winter gear, they were unable to participate in outside activities. Additionally, because of spacing constraints, schools were using gyms for classrooms not for physical activities, which doubly disadvantaged students without winter gear. This paper describes a university student winter gear project and underscores the need for policies supporting children in poverty

The Relative Efficiency of Computer Controlled, Adaptive and Learner Centered Training on Transfer of Training in a Computer Simulation Task

There is a need for effective cost efficient training programs. Individual differences have been shown to be the most important variable in many training programs and they should be paid special attention in the design of training programs. Compared in this experiment is computer-controlled (lockstep) training, adaptive training, and learner-centered training. Learner-centered and adaptive training are geared to the individual. Instead of lockstep training, learner-centered training allows the trainee to determine the amount or sequence of training at different levels of proficiency. Adaptive training is training based on the participant\u27s performance. As the participant\u27s performance improves he or she is graduated to a harder level of the training program. In this experiment the dependent variable was the average number of crashes in the transfer trials. The ANOVA indicated there was a significant difference of type of training, F(2, 27) = 4.20, p=0.0251. Planned comparisons were performed to verify the hypotheses such that learner-centered would have the least number of crashes in transfer followed by adaptive and computer-controlled group having the most errors in transfer. As predicted the computer-controlled training group had significantly more crashes than adaptive and learner-centered in the transfer, F(1,27)=8015, p=0.0040, and F(1,27)=3.48, p=0.0348, respectively. Contrary to the hypotheses there was no significant difference between the adapted training group and the learner-centered training group, F(1,27)=0.9764, p=0.3336. As there was no significant difference between adaptive and learner-centered training groups this research suggests that as long as the trainee has some input into his or her training whether adaptively or self-paced, the learning will be superior to learning in a pre-programmed manner

Development of a menu of performance tests self-administered on a portable microcomputer

Eighteen cognitive, motor, and information processing performance subtests were screened for self-administration over 10 trials by 16 subjects. When altered presentation forms of the same test were collectively considered, the battery composition was reduced to 10 distinctly different measures. A fully automated microbased testing system was employed in presenting the battery of subtests. Successful self-administration of the battery provided for the field testing of the automated system and facilitated convenient data collection. Total test administration time was 47.2 minutes for each session. Results indicated that nine of the tests stabilized, but for a short battery of tests only five are recommended for use in repeated-measures research. The five recommended tests include: the Tapping series, Number Comparison, Short-term Memory, Grammatical Reasoning, and 4-Choice Reaction Time. These tests can be expected to reveal three factors: (1) cognition, (2) processing quickness, and (3) motor. All the tests stabilized in 24 minutes, or approximately two 12-minute sessions

Washington County Asset Map and Needs Assessment: Building a Network to Serve Youths at Risk for Serious Mental Illness

This study is the first in a series of planned investigations into pathways to care for adolescents and young adults with serious mental illness in Washington County. Resources were identified that may support a network for identifying and accessing services. Over 120 agencies were categorized into one of seven types: education, mental health, health, substance use / recovery, community / library, and law enforcement. Web-based information was collected for 85 of these agencies and representatives of 47 of these agencies were interviewed about challenges, collaborations, and ideas for solutions. We found a great deal of collaboration among agencies within different service sectors. For example, there is regular collaboration among health agencies, among educational agencies, and among agencies serving children and families. We identified networks that support the LGBTQ+ community as well as victims of domestic violence. Three agencies stood out with number and type of collaborations regarding youth and mental illness: Healthy Acadia, the Community Caring Collaborative, and the Aroostook Mental Health Center. We collated information about types of obstacles into these categories by frequency of mention: Lack of Services / Providers, Stigma / Community Culture, Transportation / Distance, Information Shortage, Cost, and Mistrust of Providers. Five areas of ideas from interviewees to address these challenges are provided. We end this report by highlighting some national, state, county, and local efforts to address these challenges as well as next steps for our research team

Washington County Asset Map and Needs Assessment : Building a Network to Serve Youths at Risk for Serious Mental Illness

This study is the first in a series of planned investigations into pathways to care for adolescents and young adults with serious mental illness in Washington County. Resources were identified that may support a network for identifying and accessing services. Over 120 agencies were categorized into one of seven types: education, mental health, health, substance use / recovery, community / library, and law enforcement. Web-based information was collected for 85 of these agencies and representatives of 47 of these agencies were interviewed about challenges, collaborations, and ideas for solutions. We found a great deal of collaboration among agencies within different service sectors. For example, there is regular collaboration among health agencies, among educational agencies, and among agencies serving children and families. We identified networks that support the LGBTQ+ community as well as victims of domestic violence. Three agencies stood out with number and type of collaborations regarding youth and mental illness: Healthy Acadia, the Community Caring Collaborative, and the Aroostook Mental Health Center. We collated information about types of obstacles into these categories by frequency of mention: Lack of Services / Providers, Stigma / Community Culture, Transportation / Distance, Information Shortage, Cost, and Mistrust of Providers. Five areas of ideas from interviewees to address these challenges are provided. We end this report by highlighting some national, state, county, and local efforts to address these challenges as well as next steps for our research team

A menu of self-administered microcomputer-based neurotoxicology tests

This study examined the feasibility of repeated self-administration of a newly developed battery of mental acuity tests. Researchers developed this battery to be used to screen the fitness for duty of persons in at-risk occupations (astronauts, race car drivers), or those who may be exposed to environmental stress, toxic agents, or disease. The menu under study contained cognitive and motor tests implemented on a portable microcomputer including: a five-test core battery, lasting six minutes, which had demonstrable reliabilities and stability from several previous repeated-measures studies, and also 13 new tests, lasting 42 minutes, which had appeared in other batteries but had not yet been evaluated for repeated-measures implementation in this medium. Sixteen subjects self-administered the battery over 10 repeated sessions. The hardware performed well throughout the study and the tests appeared to be easily self-administered. Stabilities and reliabilities of the test from the core battery were comparable to those obtained previously under more controlled experimental conditions. Analyses of metric properties of the remaining 13 tests produced eight additional tests with satisfactory properties. Although the average retest reliability was high, cross-correlations between tests were low, indicating factorial richness. The menu can be used to form batteries of flexible total testing time which are likely to tap different mental processes and functions

Microcomputer-based tests for repeated-measures: Metric properties and predictive validities

A menu of psychomotor and mental acuity tests were refined. Field applications of such a battery are, for example, a study of the effects of toxic agents or exotic environments on performance readiness, or the determination of fitness for duty. The key requirement of these tasks is that they be suitable for repeated-measures applications, and so questions of stability and reliability are a continuing, central focus of this work. After the initial (practice) session, seven replications of 14 microcomputer-based performance tests (32 measures) were completed by 37 subjects. Each test in the battery had previously been shown to stabilize in less than five 90-second administrations and to possess retest reliabilities greater than r = 0.707 for three minutes of testing. However, all the tests had never been administered together as a battery and they had never been self-administered. In order to provide predictive validity for intelligence measurement, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised and the Wonderlic Personnel Test were obtained on the same subjects

Identification of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in electronic health record databases

BACKGROUND: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) carry a high mortality risk. While identifying clinical and genetic risk factors for these conditions has been hindered by their rarity, large electronic health databases hold promise for identifying large numbers of cases for study, especially with the introduction in 2008 of ICD-9 codes more specific for these conditions. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to estimate the validity of ICD-9 codes for ascertaining SJS/TEN in 12 collaborating research units in the USA, covering almost 60 million lives. METHODS: From the electronic databases at each site, we ascertained potential cases of SJS/TEN using ICD-9 codes. At five sites, a subset of medical records was abstracted and standardized criteria applied by board-certified dermatologists to adjudicate diagnoses. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors independently associated with validated SJS/TEN cases. RESULTS: A total of 56 591 potential cases of SJS/TEN were identified. A subset of 276 charts was selected for adjudication and 39 (of the 276) were confirmed as SJS/TEN. Patients with the ICD-9 codes introduced after 2008 were more likely to be confirmed as cases (OR 3.32; 95%CI 0.82, 13.47) than those identified in earlier years. Likelihood of case status increased with length of hospitalization. Applying the probability of case status to the 56 591 potential cases, we estimated 475-875 to be valid SJS/TEN cases. CONCLUSION: Newer ICD-9 codes, along with length of hospitalization, identified patients with a high likelihood of SJS/TEN. This is important for identification of subjects for future pharmacogenomics studies